THAMM Nicolle Disc Paper Final Draft 02072021 Cleared.docx

credit card account, out of all women or all men aged 15 or over. Of particular note are: 1) the low access to banking services (savings, cards, in particular); 2) the confirmation of the lower financial inclusion of women. The recent OECD summit on post-COVID strategies in the MENA countries particularly addressed this issue. 94

Figure 26: Access to institutional financial instruments in Morocco, Tunisia, and Egypt (by gender)

120%

Morocco

Egypt

Tunisia

100%

80%

60%

40%

20%

0%

Male Female Male Female Male Female

Credit card ownership Debit card ownership Financial Institution Account

Data from the MENA-OECD Government Business Summit (30- 31 March 2021). As percentages are cumulative, totals can exceed 100% (up to 300% in theory), based on World Bank Group (2018).

Photo 3: Credit AFP, Labour Migration to Europe

94 MENA-OECD Government Business Summit (30-31 March 2021) -

Session 3: An eco-system for youth economic empowerment.

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